Psychology 12:  Introduction to African American Psychology

S/R Paper for February 1, 2007

By

Halford H. Fairchild

 

Film lecture:  Ulisa Erylene Piper-Mandy

 

Stimulus:  Dr. Piper-Mandy gives an excellent African-centered introduction to a Black psychology.  She provides a justification for African terms and images and symbols.

 

An emphasis is on changing, and transforming and restoring African people to their historical greatness.

 

Story of Osiris and Isis – dismembering.

 

To “remember” is to put back together again. 

 

The African-centered agenda:  To “re-member.”

 

Lies have supremacy in higher education.

 

5 Cycles of existence (Beginning, Belonging, Being, Becoming, Beyond) are explored through 4 levels of knowing (Giri-So, the forward/thesis; Benne-So, the Analysis; Bolo-So, Back Story; and So-Daiyi, understanding.)

 

Daniel Patrick Moynihan – Black families as a “tangle of pathology.”

 

Responses:  A nice whetting of the appetite for what should be an exhilarating lecture series.

 

I resonate with her frustration at not being able to be truthful within the confines of academia.  And the issue of a mixed classroom?  The class would be very different, if all Black.

 

E.g., cannibalism.

 

 

 

Fairchild, H.H., Whitten, L., & Richard, H.W.  (2003).  Teaching African American psychology:  Resources and strategies.  In P. Bronstein & K. Quina (Eds.), Teaching gender and multicultural awareness:  Resources for the psychology classroom.  Washington, D.C.:  The American Psychological Association.

 

Stimulus:  This article defines African American psychology according to a number of distinguishing dimensions (emphases on the collective, on an historical context, on spiritual reality, on introspection, on harmony with nature, on being anti-racist and anti-sexist, and by being grounded in a set of values.  It then provides resources for instructors in the areas of developmental psychology, gender and the family, employment and economics, personality, clinical and counseling psychology.  It offers a number of concrete teaching strategies.

 

Responses:  The distinctions between African-centered and European-centered epistemologies are not black and white, but shades of gray.  The field is very diverse, and currently well developed.  African American psychology is interdisciplinary in that it looks at social systems (e.g., politics and economics and history).

 

Fairchild, H.H.  (1996).  Black history, Black psychology and the future of the world.  Psych Discourse, 27(2), 3.

 

Stimulus:  This article notes that Black history requires re-writing White history.  It notes that the problem with White epistemologies is that they gave justification to Manifest Destiny in all of its forms.  The “corrective medicine” is knowledge, and points in the direction of global change.  The author names the seven cardinal virtues of Ma’at:  truth, justice, righteousness, harmony, propriety (compassion), balance, and order.

 

Responses:  Note the problem with mis-information regarding Egypt and religion.  What does God look like?  (Santa Claus?).  Jesus?  Note the dominance of (White) Jesus images in West AfricaChristianity as oppression.

 

Kwate, Naa Oyo A.  (2005).  The heresy of African-centered psychology.  Journal of Medical Humanities, 26(4), 215-235.

 

Stimulus:  This article defines African American psychology as heretical (attacking the orthodoxy from within, defiance) and applies it to psychiatry and psychology and mental health/illness.  Notes the grounding of psychology and psychiatry within the Euro-centered values and worldview.  Describes an African-centered nosology.

 

Responses:  Succumbing to beauty ideals.  The principle of consubstantiation is to be contrasted with the Cartesian “I think, therefore I am.”

 

White collar crimes as less anti-social than others, despite their broader ramifications.  (e.g., Enron).

 

OJ Simpson received White man’s justice.

 

And ostracism and denial of tenure.  And difficulties in getting published in “referred” journals. 

 

On the fringes.

 

 

Sudarkasa, Niara.  (2007).  Interpreting the African heritage in African American family organization.  In McAdoo….

 

Stimulus:  Sudarkasa reviews some of the “false dichotomies” in scholarly treatments of the African American family (African vs. American heritage; class vs. culture; alternative institutions vs. adaptive strategies;

 

E. Franklin Frazier:  no African retentions

W.E.B. DuBois:  African heritage

 

Consanguinity:  biologically based

Conjugality:  through marriage.   A European ideal…

 

Seven R’s as core values of African American family life:  respect, restraint, responsibility, reciprocity, reverence, reason, and reconciliation….

 

[Or, deprecation, punishment, abuse, and violence?]

 

 

Responses:  She is very self-conscious about her use of language, and never refers to the enslaved Africans as “slaves.”  Rather, they are “blacks enslaved in America

 

African tradition of multi-lingualism was probably lost after a few generations.  Ebonics, now, demonstrate the efficacy of racial separation.