Psychology 10: Introduction to Psychology

1. Developmental psychology is best defined as the study of:

a. Children’s thought processes and moral reasoning

b. The physical changes that occur in the womb and during the childhood years.

c. The social, cognitive, and physical changes that occur over the course of the lifespan.

d. The influence of genes on the behavior of infants, children, adolescents, and adults.

e. None of the above

2. The term tabula rasa refers to Locke’s belief that

a. Altering people’s inherent personality “slates” is impossible.

b. Human development is influenced primarily by the environment

c. Children develop according to an invariable set of stages

d. Humans are born with a natural propensity toward goodness

e. None of the above

3. Jean Piaget was the first to suggest that cognitive development is the result of the interaction between ____ and _____.

a. Nature; nurture

b. Genetics; nature

c. Nurture; environment

d. Maturation; nature

e. All of the above

4. Most human cells contain forty-six _____, which are each made of up thousands of _____ which, in turn, are composed of ______.

a. DNA; genes; chromosomes

b. Chromosomes; DNA; genes

c. Chromosomes; genes; DNA

d. Genes; chromosomes; DNA

e. None of the above

5. Which of the following statements concerning consumption of alcohol by women during pregnancy is false?

a. Consumption during the first eight weeks is relatively harmless because of the small size of the embryo

b. Babies born to women who abuse alcohol have a 10% chance of suffering fetal alcohol syndrome

c. Damage occurs only during the embryonic stage.

d. Consumption of small amounts of alcohol can actually be beneficial to fetal health.

e. All of the above

6. Newborns typically exhibit

a. A preference for certain smells

b. Well-developed vision

c. An inability to discriminate between different tastes

d. Hearing that is sharper than that of the average adult

e. All of the above

7. Jake, a small baby, loves to play with his rattle. The first time his mother gives him a lollipop, he shakes it as if it were a rattle. According to Piaget, Jake is trying to _____ the lollipop into his ______ for rattles.

a. Accommodate; concept

b. Accommodate; script

c. Assimilate; schema

d. Assimilate; script

e. All of the above

8. Hillary is a gurgling, even-tempered, happy baby. George W. is a fussy, irregular, and irritable baby. These characteristics describe each infant’s basic, natural disposition – her or his

a. Temperament

b. Attachment pattern

c. Socialization

d. Egocentrism

e. Readiness for warfare

9. Harry Harlow’s studies with monkeys concluded that

a. Females isolated at birth from all social contact still develop into good mothers

b. Infant monkeys are more attached to caregivers who provide food than to caregivers who provide comfort

c. Infant monkeys were motivated by the need for contact and comfort

d. Monkeys are able to successfully overcome maternal separation and being socially isolated for years.

e. All of the above

10. Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development suggested that the first developmental crisis to be solved involves the development of:

a. Trust vs. mistrust

b. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

c. Initiative vs. guilt

d. Industry vs. inferiority

e. Identity vs. role confusion

f. Intimacy vs. isolation

g. Generativity vs. stagnation

h. Integrity vs. despair

Bonus Questions: (T/F are worth 2 points)

11. Which parenting style is viewed by psychologists as best?

a. Authoritarian

b. Permissive

c. Abusive

d. Authoritative

12. T F Julius Caesar was born by Cesarean Section

13. T F The first C-section was performed in 1909

14. T F In Uganda, the patient who had a C-section

in 1879 died.

15. T F About 50% of births in the U.S. are C-

sections.

All true/false questions are FALSE