Psychology 10: Introduction to Psychology (Fall 2005)

Correct answers are in bold

1 “_______” This simple phrase captures the idea that learning is a lifelong process that affects our behavior every day.

a. Adjusting to changes

b. Ability to adapt

c. Evolution of the species

d. Survival of the fittest

e. Live and learn

2. An analogy: Skinner is to _____ as Pavlov is to __________.

a. Classical conditioning; operant conditioning

b. Operant conditioning; classical conditioning

c. Stimulus; response

d. Response; stimulus

e. Dogs ; Pigeons

3. Thinking about classical conditioning, and the UCS, which of the following is a UCS?

a. Meat powder

b. Lemon juice

c. Puff of air in the eye

d. Electric shock

e. All of the above

4. If the CS is no longer paired with the UCS, eventually the UCR disappears. This is a process known as

a. Spontaneous recovery

b. Acquisition

c. Shaping

d. Predictability

e. Extinction

5. A dog classically trained to salivate to the sound of middle C on the piano, will also salivate to C sharp (a slightly different tone). This is due to:

a. Stimulus discrimination

b. The signaling of significant events

c. Predictability

d. Reconditioning

e. Stimulus generalization

6. Which of the following learning psychologists does not belong with the others?

a. Pavlov

b. Thorndike

c. Skinner

7. Which of the following would NOT be considered a secondary reinforcer?

a. Water

b. Grades

c. Praise

d. Money

e. Both c and d

8. Which of the following schedules of reinforcement is likely to produce the highest rate of responding?

a. FR

b. FI

c. VI

d. Continuous

e. None of the above

9. Donald Hiroto (1974) studied “learned helplessness” in humans using what sort of noxious stimuli?

a. Pornography

b. Bright, flashing lights

c. Boring psychology lectures

d. One of Fairchild’s quizzes

e. Random bursts of loud noise

10. Wolfgang Kohler studied insight learning using which organism?

a. Snakes

b. Humans

c. Chickens

d. Pigeons

e. None of the above

Bonus: When a stimulus is below the absolute threshold of perception, we may say that the stimulus is:

a. Hidden

b. Apparent

c. Residing in the id

d. Subliminal

e. None of the above