Psychology 12:  Introduction to African American Psychology

S/R Paper for February 5, 2009

By

Halford H. Fairchild

 

Constance Rice:  Sojourner Truth Lecturer (February 3, 2009)

 

Stimulus:  Attorney Rice gave a scintillating talk on her career in civil rights law.  She provided insights into Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and used his idea that “we are trying to integrate into a burning house,” as a metaphor for the situation facing Blacks in America.  This idea was then used to prescribe necessary changes that must be engineered throughout society.  Notable ideas:

 

·        Power concedes nothing without a demand.

·        The Obama election is “transformative.

·        MLK suggested to Harry Belafonte that “we must become firemen.”

·        The problem of the civil rights movement, and the “affirmative action,” is that it leaves untouched the “permanent underclass.”

·        Of 17 individuals (gang members) that Rice worked with years ago, 11 are dead, and 6 are serving life sentences.

·        We forecast needed prison beds by 3rd grade reading levels.  

·        Need for an epidemiological model – you don’t cure malaria with a fly swatter, you drain the swamps and change behaviors and improve sanitation and health care, etc.

·        Schools as sites for engineering a “social recovery system.”  They ought to stay open until 11:00 pm

·        She advocates an eco-systems strategy.

 

Responses:  A perfect example of “getting your money’s worth” for a Claremont education.  The systemic approach is what is needed.  Affirmative action is a joke as far as the permanent underclass is concerned.

 

 

Film:  Black History:  Lost, Stolen or Strayed (narrated by Bill Cosby)

 

Stimulus:  This film decried the treatment of Blacks in U.S. and world history.  That history has been lost (ignored), stolen (appropriated) or strayed (not to be found).  This disturbing treatment of Blacks in the history books has consequences for the psychological well being of Black children (for example in their drawings) and adults (for example, in their desire to straighten hair or adopt the symbols of “white” success).  The film showed the disparaging treatment of Blacks in popular culture, particularly in early film, radio and television.  An interesting conclusion was an independent Black preschool in Philadelphia which inculcated Black pride.

 

Responses:  The treatment of African Americans in psychology is similar as in history:  Black scholars are absent from the textbooks; and Blacks are treated in demeaning ways by traditional psychology.  The “founding fathers” of American psychologists (Cattell, Terman, Freud, others) reads like a “who’s who” in scientific racism.

 

The “scar” of American history is reflected in Kiri Davis’s film.  (And Sawa Kobayashi’s daughter, who is half Black and half Japanese, and who receives caustic remarks from African American females.)

 

Old films are current events (e.g., Shirley Temple movies, which tended to praise the confederacy)

 

The Great Billie Holliday was portrayed in Hollywood as a maid.

 

But times are changing:  Denzel, Will Smith, Morgan Freeman….  But, too often, Blacks are portrayed as the protectors of the status quo…as police, for example.

 

Negative media stereotypes are exported to other nations, so that anti-Black bias is evident world wide.

 

Barack Obama changes a lot of this.  He is not a panacea, but a giant leap forward.

 

Current movies perpetuate the “savagery” of Africans – The Mummy (appropriating Black history), King Kong (Blacks as savage and subhuman).

 

John Churchill’s freedom school vs. the prevalence of the Nword in some rap music.

 

Feit, Candace.  (2008).  Europe takes Africa’s fish, and boatloads of migrants follow.  NY Times, January 14, 2008.

 

Stimulus:  discusses the fish industry off of Africa’s coast, benefitting Europe, and the consequent flow of migrants to Europe in pursuit of food and wealth.

 

Response:  Dinner table metaphor.  “El Norte.”

 

Fairchild, H.H., Whitten, L., & Richard, H.W.  (2003).  Teaching African American psychology:  Resources and strategies.  In P. Bronstein & K. Quina (Eds.), Teaching gender and multicultural awareness:  Resources for the psychology classroom.  Washington, D.C.:  The American Psychological Association.

 

Stimulus:  This article defines African American psychology according to a number of distinguishing dimensions (emphases on the collective, on an historical context, on spiritual reality, on introspection, on harmony with nature, on being anti-racist and anti-sexist, and by being grounded in a set of values.  It then provides resources for instructors in the areas of developmental psychology, gender and the family, employment and economics, personality, clinical and counseling psychology.  It offers a number of concrete teaching strategies.

 

Responses:  The distinctions between African-centered and European-centered epistemologies are not black and white, but shades of gray.  The field is very diverse, and currently well developed.  African American psychology is interdisciplinary in that it looks at social systems (e.g., politics and economics and history).

 

Fairchild, H.H.  (1996).  Black history, Black psychology and the future of the world.  Psych Discourse, 27(2), 3.

 

Stimulus:  This article notes that Black history requires re-writing White history.  It notes that the problem with White epistemologies is that they gave justification to Manifest Destiny in all of its forms.  The “corrective medicine” is knowledge, and points in the direction of global change.  The author names the seven cardinal virtues of Ma’at:  truth, justice, righteousness, harmony, propriety (compassion), balance, and order.

 

Responses:  Note the problem with mis-information regarding Egypt and religion.  What does God look like?  (Santa Claus?).  Jesus?  Note the dominance of (White) Jesus images in West Africa.  Christianity as oppression.

 

Fairchild, H.H. (2002). Lott, Bratton: History forgives and instructs. Inland Valley Daily Bulletin, Sunday, December 22, 2002, page A25.

 

By blaming individuals for their racist beliefs and/or practices, we ignore, and therefore exculpate, systemic origins of these beliefs and practices.  Such “blaming of the victim” delays our eradication of social problems.

 

Cannibalism article

 

The only scientifically documented instances of cannibalism occurred in Europe.  This negates the popular myths.